Lab 18: Alka Seltzer and the Ideal Gas Law

Lab 18: Alka Seltzer and the Ideal Gas Law


Summary:

In this lab, we determined the amount of CO2 that was given off from the two Alka Seltzer tablets reacting with the water. We used it in the ideal gas law to determine how much gas was produced after the reaction occurred. After crushing the Alka Seltzer, we filled the balloon with the powder and when the powder reacted with the water, it produced CO2 that filled the balloon. When the reaction stopped, with no more fizzing from the reaction, we measured the circumference of the balloon. After measuring the circumference, we filled the balloon to the same size with water to find the volume. Finding the volume of the balloon helped to find the amount of CO2 in the balloon when using the Ideal Gas Law.

Data Table:

Calculations:

Analysis Questions:

1. There are several experimental errors that may have occurred during this experiment, some being when measuring the circumference of the gas filled balloon accurately, filling and measuring the balloon with water to have the exact same circumference as when it was gas filled, or even the transfer of the amount of powder into the balloon.

2. If we measured the amount of water inaccurately, the volume of the ballon would be smaller than the actual size of the balloon. With Avogadros' Law the number of moles would be too small in CO2 if we measured incorrectly.

3. 

35.00 cm = 2πr
r = 5.57 cm
4/3 πr = 4/3(5.57cm)^3

Volume = 724 cm^3
             = 724 mL

4. Between the two volumes of experimental and calculated, they are quite close. The experimental volume is more accurate because the calculated is for perfect spheres while the measuring of the amount of water can be used for any figure to find the volume.

5. Two differences between a real gas and an ideal gas is that real gas molecules have interactive forces like attraction while ideal gasses don't have interactive forces. While ideal gasses do not have interactive forces, they also cannot lose energy from collisions. When real gasses are in collisions they do lose energy.

6. The CO2 in this lab would not be considered ideal since they do not exist and it takes up mass and volume meaning it would not be an ideal gas.

Advanced Questions:

1 & 2



3. The CO2 is soluble, so it may have dissolved in the water which means that there could have been a possible error in the gas volume. The effects how our calculated n value was different because it would have resulted in a lower value and a smaller circumference of the balloon. 





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